The second Raj Bhavan or Governor’s House of Uttarakhand is located in Nainital and serves as the summer retreat of the Governor of Uttarakhand. This historic building, constructed in the pre-Independence era, is a testament to the architectural brilliance and historical significance of the British colonial period. Let’s delve into the fascinating history, architectural grandeur, and modern-day significance of the Nainital Raj Bhavan.

Historical Background

The Summer Capital of United Provinces

In the pre-independence era, Nainital was the summer capital of the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). To accommodate the British governors and officials escaping the summer heat of the plains, a grand residence was built. This building, designed to resemble a Scottish castle, was christened as the “Government House.”

Construction and Architecture

The construction of the Nainital Raj Bhavan began in April 1897 and was completed in just two years. Built on a European pattern with a strong Gothic architectural influence, the Raj Bhavan stands as a masterpiece of the era. The building was designed by Architect Stevens, and the construction was overseen by Executive Engineer F. O. W. Ortel. After India gained independence, the “Government House” was renamed as Raj Bhavan.

Architectural Marvel

Design and Materials

The Raj Bhavan’s design is a splendid example of European and Gothic architectural styles. The use of Burma teak, along with local stones featuring Ashler’s finishing, adds to the building’s aesthetic and structural integrity. The intricate design and choice of materials reflect the British architectural preferences and their commitment to creating durable and beautiful structures.

The Estate and Surroundings

The Raj Bhavan estate is spread over an expansive 220 acres, including a 45-acre golf course built in 1936. This vintage golf course, one of the oldest in India, is affiliated with the Indian Golf Union (IGU). The estate also includes 160 acres of forest land rich in floral and faunal species, adding to the natural beauty and ecological significance of the area.

Notable Occupants

Pre-Independence Era

During the British rule, the Nainital Raj Bhavan was home to several notable Governors of the United Provinces. These included Sir Antony MacDonald, Sir James, Sir John Misten, and Sir Harcourt Butler, among others. Their residence at the Raj Bhavan highlights the building’s importance as a symbol of British administration and governance.

Post-Independence Era

After India gained independence, Smt. Sarojini Naidu, the first Governor of Uttar Pradesh, became the first Indian occupant of this historic monument. Her residency marked the beginning of a new chapter in the Raj Bhavan’s history, transitioning from a colonial residence to an Indian administrative building.

Modern-Day Significance

Role and Functions

Today, the Nainital Raj Bhavan continues to serve as the summer retreat for the Governor of Uttarakhand. Its role extends beyond a mere residence; it is a hub of various administrative and ceremonial functions. The sprawling lawns, Bonsai Garden, and rich floral species add to its charm and make it a significant landmark in Nainital.

Visitor Information

The Nainital Raj Bhavan is open to visitors all seven days of the week. For a nominal ticket price of Rs. 50 per person, visitors can explore the exterior of this historic site. The visit typically lasts 35 to 40 minutes, allowing ample time to appreciate the architectural beauty and the well-maintained gardens. However, certain restrictions ensure the preservation of the estate’s pristine condition. The golf course remains closed to visitors, and indoor photography is strictly prohibited. Visitors can park their vehicles for free in front of the main entrance.

A Comparative Glimpse: Dehradun Raj Bhavan

Temporary Establishment and Evolution

The state of Uttarakhand, earlier known as Uttaranchal, came into existence on November 9, 2000, as the 27th state of the Republic of India. With its creation, the need for a Raj Bhavan arose, leading to the temporary establishment of the Governor’s residence at Bijapur House on New Cantonment Road, Dehradun. Subsequently, the Circuit House in Dehradun was redesignated as Raj Bhavan, and Shri Surjit Singh Barnala, the first Governor of Uttarakhand, moved there on December 25, 2000.

Architectural Significance and Modern Developments

The present Raj Bhavan in Dehradun, formerly known as Circuit House, was built in 1902. Initially called the “Court House,” it was a favored residence for the British Governors of the United Provinces. The building’s historical significance is further enhanced by its association with India’s first Prime Minister, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, who often stayed here during his visits to Dehradun. The Raj Bhavan is situated at an elevation of 2305 feet above sea level, offering stunning views and a serene environment.

In the post-Independence period, the Raj Bhavan in Dehradun underwent several transformations. The Governor’s Secretariat functioned from the Bijapur House premises until July 27, 2009, when new Secretariat and Auditorium buildings were inaugurated by H.E. Shri B. L. Joshi, the third Governor of Uttarakhand. A separate Governor’s Official Residence was later built on the premises and inaugurated by Smt. Margaret Alva, the fourth Governor of Uttarakhand, on April 14, 2010. The old Circuit House building is now used as the Raj Bhavan Guest House.

Cultural and Official Hub

The Raj Bhavan in Dehradun is not just a residence but also a vibrant cultural and official hub. The sprawling lawns, Bonsai Garden, and rich floral species add to its charm. The Auditorium of Raj Bhavan is a special venue for various important events such as oath-taking ceremonies, seminars, book-release functions, and cultural programs. This multifaceted role underscores the Raj Bhavan’s significance in the administrative and cultural landscape of Uttarakhand.

Visitor Information

Nainital Raj Bhavan

The Nainital Raj Bhavan is open to visitors all seven days a week. A nominal ticket price of Rs. 50 per person grants access to this historic site. The visit typically lasts 35 to 40 minutes, allowing ample time to explore the exterior and the beautifully maintained gardens. However, the golf course remains closed to visitors, and indoor photography is strictly prohibited. Visitors can park their vehicles for free in front of the main entrance.

Dehradun Raj Bhavan

While the Dehradun Raj Bhavan primarily functions as the Governor’s official residence and administrative center, it also opens its doors for special events and cultural programs. Visitors interested in exploring the premises or attending events can check the official announcements and schedules. The beautifully landscaped lawns and gardens are a visual treat, and the Raj Bhavan Auditorium often hosts significant cultural and official events.

Conclusion

The Raj Bhavans of Uttarakhand, located in Nainital and Dehradun, are not just architectural marvels but also repositories of the region’s rich history and cultural heritage. These historic residences, with their distinct architectural styles and historical roles, continue to serve as symbols of governance and cultural pride in the state. Whether as summer retreats or administrative hubs, the Raj Bhavans embody the legacy of Uttarakhand’s journey from the colonial era to modern times. Visitors to these majestic sites can immerse themselves in the grandeur of the past while appreciating the ongoing relevance of these landmarks in the present day.